翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Photon entanglement ・ Photon epoch ・ Photon etc. ・ Photon Factory ・ Photon Factory Films ・ Photon gas ・ Photon induced electric field poling ・ Photon Kathaas ・ Photon mapping ・ Photon Paint ・ Photon polarization ・ Photon rocket ・ Photon sieve ・ Photon sphere ・ Photon structure function ・ Photon surface ・ Photon Tide ・ Photon underproduction crisis ・ Photon upconversion ・ Photon-intermediate direct energy conversion ・ Photonectes ・ Photonic chip ・ Photonic crystal ・ Photonic curing ・ Photonic force microscope ・ Photonic integrated circuit ・ Photonic laser thruster ・ Photonic metamaterial ・ Photonic molecule ・ Photonic Sensors Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Photon surface ： ウィキペディア英語版 Photon surface Photon sphere (''definition''〔K.S. Virbhadra and G. F.R. Ellis, Schwarzschild black hole lensing, Phys. Rev. D62, 084003 (2000); K.S. Virbhadra and G. F.R. Ellis, Gravitational lensing by naked singularities, Phys. Rev. D65, 103004 (2002).〕): A photon sphere of a static spherically symmetric metric is a timelike hypersurface $\backslash$ if the deflection angle of a light ray with the closest distance of approach $r\_o$ diverges as $r\_o\; \backslash rightarrow\; r\_.$ For a general static spherically symmetric metric $g\; =\; -\; \backslash beta\backslash left(r\backslash right)\; dt^2\; -\; \backslash alpha(r)\; dr^2\; -\; \backslash sigma(r)\; r^2\; (d\backslash theta^2\; +\; \backslash sin^2\backslash theta\; d\backslash phi^2),$ the photon sphere equation is: $2\backslash sigma(r)\; \backslash beta\; +\; r\; \backslash frac\; \backslash beta(r)\; -\; r\; \backslash frac\; \backslash sigma(r)\; =\; 0.$ The concept of a photon sphere in a static spherically metric was generalized to a photon surface of any metric. Photon surface (''definition''〔Clarissa-Marie Claudel, K.S. Virbhadra, and G.F.R. Ellis, The geometry of photon surfaces, J. Math. Phys. 42, 818-838 (2001).〕) : A photon surface of (M,g) is an immersed, nowhere spacelike hypersurface S of (M, g) such that, for every point p∈S and every null vector k∈''T''pS, there exists a null geodesic $$:(-ε,ε)→M of (M,g) such that $\{\backslash dot\{\backslash gamma\}\}$(0)=k, |γ|⊂S. Both definitions give the same result for a general static spherically symmetric metric.〔See in ().〕 Theorem:〔See in ().〕 Subject to an energy condition, a black hole in any spherically symmetric spacetime must be surrounded by a photon sphere. Conversely, subject to an energy condition, any photon sphere must cover more than a certain amount of matter, a black hole, or a naked singularity. ==References== Category:General relativity 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Photon surface」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.